/* ============================================================================
   MENA Insight — design system
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Palette      dark navy · teal · warm sand · cream · small red accents
   Typography   serif headings (research publication), sans body (data platform)
   Surfaces     shadow and tint rather than borders — lighter, less boxed-in
   Direction    all spacing uses CSS logical properties, so setting
                <html dir="rtl"> mirrors the entire layout with no other change
   Motion       see assets/js/lib/motion.js; every transition and animation in
                this file is switched off under prefers-reduced-motion
   ========================================================================== */

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ tokens */
:root {
  /* core palette */
  --navy-900: #05121F;
  --navy-800: #0A2136;
  --navy-700: #10314D;
  --navy-600: #1A4569;
  --navy-500: #2A5C86;

  --teal-700: #0D6E70;
  --teal-600: #128A8D;
  --teal-500: #17A5A8;
  --teal-400: #3FC0C1;
  --teal-200: #A7E0E0;
  --teal-100: #E4F5F5;

  --sand-700: #9C7335;
  --sand-600: #C29552;
  --sand-500: #DFB878;
  --sand-300: #EFDCB8;
  --sand-100: #FAF2E3;

  --cream:    #FCFAF6;
  --cream-2:  #F5F1E9;
  --cream-3:  #EBE5D9;

  --red-600:  #A8322A;
  --red-500:  #C8483C;
  --red-400:  #E27C70;
  --red-100:  #FBEAE7;

  /* semantic */
  --bg:            var(--cream);
  --bg-alt:        var(--cream-2);
  --bg-inverse:    var(--navy-800);
  --surface:       #FFFFFF;
  --hairline:      rgba(16, 49, 77, .09);
  --hairline-2:    rgba(16, 49, 77, .16);
  --border:        var(--hairline);
  --border-strong: var(--hairline-2);
  --text:          #131E28;
  --text-soft:     #4B5964;
  --text-faint:    #77838E;
  --text-inverse:  #F6F3EC;
  --text-inverse-soft: rgba(246, 243, 236, .74);
  --accent:        var(--teal-600);
  --alert:         var(--red-600);
  --link:          var(--teal-700);

  /* type */
  --font-serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, "Book Antiqua", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --font-sans:  ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", "Noto Naskh Arabic", sans-serif;
  --font-mono:  ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

  --fs-xs:   0.75rem;
  --fs-sm:   0.8125rem;
  --fs-base: 0.9375rem;
  --fs-md:   clamp(1.0625rem, 0.3vw + 1rem, 1.1875rem);
  --fs-lg:   clamp(1.25rem, 0.7vw + 1.08rem, 1.5rem);
  --fs-xl:   clamp(1.5rem, 1.4vw + 1.16rem, 2.125rem);
  --fs-2xl:  clamp(2rem, 2.6vw + 1.35rem, 3rem);
  --fs-3xl:  clamp(2.5rem, 5.2vw + 1.1rem, 4.75rem);

  /* spacing */
  --sp-1: 0.25rem;  --sp-2: 0.5rem;   --sp-3: 0.75rem;  --sp-4: 1rem;
  --sp-5: 1.5rem;   --sp-6: 2rem;     --sp-7: 3rem;     --sp-8: 4.5rem;
  --sp-9: 7rem;

  --wrap: 78rem;
  --wrap-narrow: 44rem;

  --radius-sm: 6px;
  --radius:    12px;
  --radius-lg: 20px;
  --radius-pill: 999px;

  --shadow-xs: 0 1px 2px rgba(10, 33, 54, .05);
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(10, 33, 54, .04), 0 4px 12px -6px rgba(10, 33, 54, .10);
  --shadow:    0 1px 2px rgba(10, 33, 54, .04), 0 10px 28px -12px rgba(10, 33, 54, .18);
  --shadow-lg: 0 2px 4px rgba(10, 33, 54, .05), 0 30px 60px -22px rgba(10, 33, 54, .28);

  --ease:     cubic-bezier(.22, .61, .36, 1);
  --ease-out: cubic-bezier(.16, 1, .3, 1);
  --dur: .3s;

  --header-h: 4.5rem;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- resets */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-block-start: calc(var(--header-h) + 1.5rem);
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-md);
  line-height: 1.68;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

img, svg { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
button, input, select, textarea { font: inherit; color: inherit; }
button { cursor: pointer; }

h1, h2, h3, h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.13;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0 0 var(--sp-4);
  color: var(--navy-800);
  text-wrap: balance;
}
h1 { font-size: var(--fs-3xl); letter-spacing: -0.032em; }
h2 { font-size: var(--fs-2xl); letter-spacing: -0.026em; }
h3 { font-size: var(--fs-xl); }
h4 { font-size: var(--fs-lg); }
p  { margin: 0 0 var(--sp-4); text-wrap: pretty; }
p:last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }

a { color: var(--link); text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
a:hover { color: var(--teal-500); }

:focus-visible { outline: 2.5px solid var(--teal-500); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 4px; }

hr { border: 0; border-block-start: 1px solid var(--hairline); margin: var(--sp-6) 0; }
::selection { background: var(--sand-300); color: var(--navy-900); }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- utilities */
.wrap { max-inline-size: var(--wrap); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: var(--sp-5); }
.wrap-narrow { max-inline-size: var(--wrap-narrow); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: var(--sp-5); }
.section { padding-block: var(--sp-9); }
.section-tight { padding-block: var(--sp-8); }
.section--alt { background: var(--bg-alt); }
.section--inverse { background: var(--bg-inverse); color: var(--text-inverse); }
.section--inverse h1, .section--inverse h2, .section--inverse h3, .section--inverse h4 { color: var(--text-inverse); }
.section--inverse a { color: var(--teal-400); }

.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute !important; inline-size: 1px; block-size: 1px;
  padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
  white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute; inset-block-start: -100%; inset-inline-start: var(--sp-4);
  background: var(--navy-800); color: #fff; padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-5);
  z-index: 300; border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius) var(--radius); font-weight: 600;
}
.skip-link:focus { inset-block-start: 0; }

.lede { font-size: var(--fs-lg); color: var(--text-soft); line-height: 1.5; letter-spacing: -.008em; }
.muted { color: var(--text-faint); }
.small { font-size: var(--fs-sm); }
.mono { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 0.88em; background: var(--cream-2); padding: .12em .4em; border-radius: 5px; }
.center { text-align: center; }
.stack > * + * { margin-block-start: var(--sp-4); }

.eyebrow {
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--teal-700);
  margin-block-end: var(--sp-4);
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .6em;
}
.eyebrow::before {
  content: ""; inline-size: 1.6rem; block-size: 2px; border-radius: 2px;
  background: currentColor; opacity: .55;
}
.section--inverse .eyebrow { color: var(--sand-500); }

.section-head { margin-block-end: var(--sp-7); max-inline-size: 44rem; }
.section-head p { color: var(--text-soft); }
.section--inverse .section-head p { color: var(--text-inverse-soft); }

.head-row {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-5);
  align-items: flex-end; justify-content: space-between;
  margin-block-end: var(--sp-7);
}
.head-row h2 { margin: 0; }

/* --------------------------------------------------- geometric background */
/* An eight-point star tessellation — a common motif in Islamic geometric
   design — used at very low opacity as texture only.                        */
.geo-pattern { position: relative; isolation: isolate; }
.geo-pattern::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -1;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='128' height='128' viewBox='0 0 120 120'%3E%3Cg fill='none' stroke='%23ffffff' stroke-width='1'%3E%3Cpath d='M60 8 74 26 96 22 92 44 110 60 92 76 96 98 74 94 60 112 46 94 24 98 28 76 10 60 28 44 24 22 46 26Z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M60 30 78 42 78 78 60 90 42 78 42 42Z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-size: 128px 128px;
  opacity: .045;
  pointer-events: none;
  mask-image: radial-gradient(120% 90% at 70% 10%, #000 20%, transparent 80%);
}
.geo-pattern--dark::before {
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='128' height='128' viewBox='0 0 120 120'%3E%3Cg fill='none' stroke='%230A2136' stroke-width='1'%3E%3Cpath d='M60 8 74 26 96 22 92 44 110 60 92 76 96 98 74 94 60 112 46 94 24 98 28 76 10 60 28 44 24 22 46 26Z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M60 30 78 42 78 78 60 90 42 78 42 42Z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  opacity: .04;
}

.rule-geo {
  block-size: 1px; border: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, var(--sand-500), transparent);
  opacity: .5;
  margin-block: var(--sp-8);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- buttons */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-2);
  padding: 0.72em 1.4em;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.005em;
  text-decoration: none;
  line-height: 1.2;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: background var(--dur) var(--ease), color var(--dur) var(--ease),
              border-color var(--dur) var(--ease), transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out),
              box-shadow var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.btn:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }
.btn:active { transform: translateY(0); transition-duration: .06s; }

.btn--primary { background: var(--teal-600); color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 4px 14px -6px rgba(18,138,141,.7); }
.btn--primary:hover { background: var(--teal-700); color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 10px 24px -8px rgba(18,138,141,.6); }

.btn--dark { background: var(--navy-800); color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 4px 14px -6px rgba(10,33,54,.55); }
.btn--dark:hover { background: var(--navy-700); color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 10px 24px -8px rgba(10,33,54,.5); }

.btn--ghost { border-color: var(--hairline-2); color: var(--navy-700); background: transparent; }
.btn--ghost:hover { background: var(--surface); border-color: transparent; color: var(--navy-800); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }

.section--inverse .btn--ghost, .page-head .btn--ghost, .hero .btn--ghost {
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.28); color: var(--text-inverse);
}
.section--inverse .btn--ghost:hover, .page-head .btn--ghost:hover, .hero .btn--ghost:hover {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.1); color: #fff; border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.4); box-shadow: none;
}

.btn--sm { font-size: var(--fs-sm); padding: 0.5em 1em; }
.btn-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-3); margin-block-start: var(--sp-6); }

.arrow-link {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .45em;
  font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none;
}
.arrow-link::after { content: "→"; transition: transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out); }
[dir="rtl"] .arrow-link::after { content: "←"; }
.arrow-link:hover::after { transform: translateX(4px); }
[dir="rtl"] .arrow-link:hover::after { transform: translateX(-4px); }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------- badges */
.badge {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .35em;
  font-size: var(--fs-xs); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .04em;
  padding: .32em .75em;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.badge--topic  { background: var(--teal-100); color: var(--teal-700); }
.badge--country{ background: var(--navy-800); color: #fff; }
.badge--pending{ background: var(--sand-100); color: var(--sand-700); }
.badge--alert  { background: var(--red-100); color: var(--red-600); }
.badge--live   { background: #E4F4E9; color: #256B39; }
.badge--neutral{ background: var(--cream-2); color: var(--text-soft); }

.badge-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-2); align-items: center; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------- placeholder note */
.placeholder {
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: var(--sp-5);
  color: var(--text-soft);
  background: var(--sand-100);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(194,149,82,.26);
  position: relative;
}
.placeholder__label {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em;
  font-size: var(--fs-xs); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--sand-700);
  margin-block-end: var(--sp-3);
}
.placeholder__label::before {
  content: ""; inline-size: .5em; block-size: .5em; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--sand-600); flex: none;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(194,149,82,.22);
}
.placeholder h4 {
  color: var(--navy-700); margin-block-end: var(--sp-2);
  font-size: var(--fs-base); font-family: var(--font-sans); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0;
}
.placeholder p { font-size: var(--fs-base); line-height: 1.6; }
.placeholder--quote { min-block-size: 8rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- header */
/* The header and footer are injected into these wrapper divs. `display: contents`
   removes the wrapper from the layout entirely, so the sticky header's containing
   block becomes <body> rather than a div exactly its own height — without this it
   has no room to stick and simply scrolls away. */
#site-header, #site-footer { display: contents; }

.site-header {
  position: sticky; inset-block-start: 0; z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(10, 33, 54, .82);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(160%) blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(160%) blur(14px);
  color: var(--text-inverse);
  transition: background var(--dur) var(--ease), box-shadow var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.site-header::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset-block-end: 0; inset-inline: 0; block-size: 1px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.1);
}
.site-header.is-scrolled { background: rgba(6, 20, 34, .95); box-shadow: 0 8px 30px -12px rgba(0,0,0,.5); }

.site-header__inner {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-4);
  block-size: var(--header-h);
  max-inline-size: var(--wrap); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: var(--sp-5);
  transition: block-size var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.site-header.is-scrolled .site-header__inner { block-size: 3.75rem; }

.brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .7rem; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; flex: none; }
.brand__mark { inline-size: 2.1rem; block-size: 2.1rem; flex: none; transition: transform .5s var(--ease-out); }
.brand:hover .brand__mark { transform: rotate(45deg); }
.brand__text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.05; }
.brand__name { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.brand__sub { font-size: .58rem; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--sand-500); }

.site-nav { margin-inline-start: auto; }
.site-nav__list { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 2px; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.site-nav__link {
  position: relative; display: block; padding: .5rem .7rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  color: var(--text-inverse-soft); text-decoration: none;
  font-size: .875rem; font-weight: 500; white-space: nowrap;
  transition: color var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.site-nav__link::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset-block-end: .15rem; inset-inline-start: .7rem;
  inline-size: calc(100% - 1.4rem); block-size: 2px; border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--sand-500); transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: inline-start;
  transition: transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out);
}
.site-nav__link:hover { color: #fff; }
.site-nav__link:hover::after { transform: scaleX(1); }
.site-nav__link[aria-current="page"] { color: #fff; }
.site-nav__link[aria-current="page"]::after { transform: scaleX(1); }

.header-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-2); flex: none; }

.icon-btn {
  display: inline-grid; place-items: center;
  inline-size: 2.35rem; block-size: 2.35rem;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.09); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill); color: #fff;
  transition: background var(--dur) var(--ease), transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out);
}
.icon-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.2); transform: scale(1.06); }
.icon-btn:active { transform: scale(.96); }

.nav-toggle { display: none; }

/* scroll progress */
.scroll-progress {
  position: fixed; inset-block-start: 0; inset-inline-start: 0; z-index: 250;
  block-size: 2px; inline-size: 0%;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--teal-500), var(--sand-500));
  transition: width .1s linear;
  pointer-events: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .site-nav {
    position: fixed; inset-block-start: var(--header-h); inset-inline: 0;
    background: rgba(6, 20, 34, .98);
    backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
    max-block-size: 0; overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-block-size .4s var(--ease-out);
  }
  .site-nav[data-open="true"] { max-block-size: 34rem; overflow: auto; }
  .site-nav__list { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-5) var(--sp-6); gap: 0; }
  .site-nav__link { padding: .85rem .5rem; font-size: 1.05rem; }
  .site-nav__link::after { display: none; }
  .site-nav__link[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--sand-500); }
  .nav-toggle { display: inline-grid; }
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- search */
.search-overlay {
  position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 200;
  background: rgba(5, 18, 31, .55);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  display: none;
  padding-block-start: 9vh; padding-inline: var(--sp-4);
}
.search-overlay[data-open="true"] { display: block; animation: fade-in .2s var(--ease) both; }
.search-panel {
  max-inline-size: 42rem; margin-inline: auto;
  background: var(--surface); border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); overflow: hidden;
  animation: pop-in .32s var(--ease-out) both;
}
.search-panel__field { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-3); padding: var(--sp-4) var(--sp-5); border-block-end: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
.search-panel__input { flex: 1; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: var(--fs-lg); background: transparent; min-inline-size: 0; }
.search-panel__results { max-block-size: 56vh; overflow: auto; }
.search-result {
  display: block; padding: var(--sp-4) var(--sp-5);
  border-block-end: 1px solid var(--hairline); text-decoration: none; color: inherit;
  transition: background .16s var(--ease), padding-inline-start .16s var(--ease);
}
.search-result:hover, .search-result:focus-visible { background: var(--cream); padding-inline-start: calc(var(--sp-5) + 6px); }
.search-result__kind { font-size: var(--fs-xs); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .12em; color: var(--teal-700); font-weight: 700; }
.search-result__title { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--navy-800); margin-block: 3px; }
.search-result__meta { font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-faint); }
.search-empty { padding: var(--sp-7) var(--sp-5); color: var(--text-faint); text-align: center; }
.search-panel__foot { padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-5); background: var(--cream); font-size: var(--fs-xs); color: var(--text-faint); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: var(--sp-3); }
kbd {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline-2), 0 1px 0 var(--hairline-2);
  border-radius: 4px; padding: .15em .45em; background: #fff;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- hero */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  background:
    radial-gradient(90% 120% at 88% -10%, rgba(23,165,168,.42) 0%, transparent 58%),
    radial-gradient(70% 100% at 0% 100%, rgba(223,184,120,.16) 0%, transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(165deg, var(--navy-900) 0%, var(--navy-800) 45%, var(--navy-700) 100%);
  color: var(--text-inverse);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.hero__inner {
  max-inline-size: var(--wrap); margin-inline: auto; padding: var(--sp-9) var(--sp-5) var(--sp-8);
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, .9fr);
  gap: var(--sp-8); align-items: center;
}
.hero h1 { color: #fff; margin-block-end: var(--sp-5); }
.hero__mission { font-size: var(--fs-lg); color: var(--text-inverse-soft); max-inline-size: 36rem; }
.hero__mission strong { color: #fff; font-weight: 500; }
.hero__stats {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-7);
  margin-block-start: var(--sp-8); padding-block-start: var(--sp-6);
  border-block-start: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
}
.hero__stat { min-inline-size: 6rem; }
.hero__stat b {
  display: block; font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 2.1rem;
  color: var(--sand-500); line-height: 1.05; letter-spacing: -.03em;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.hero__stat span { font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-inverse-soft); }

@media (max-width: 940px) {
  .hero__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-block: var(--sp-8) var(--sp-7); gap: var(--sp-6); }
  .hero__stats { gap: var(--sp-5) var(--sp-6); }
}

.hero-visual { position: relative; }
.hero-visual svg { inline-size: 100%; block-size: auto; filter: drop-shadow(0 30px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.35)); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- cards */
.grid { display: grid; gap: var(--sp-5); }
.grid--2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 21rem), 1fr)); }
.grid--3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(min(100%, 20rem), 1fr)); }
.grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(min(100%, 14rem), 1fr)); }

.card {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: var(--sp-5);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs), inset 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline);
  transition: transform .4s var(--ease-out), box-shadow .4s var(--ease-out);
}
a.card, .card--link { text-decoration: none; color: inherit; }
a.card:hover, .card--link:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow), inset 0 0 0 1px transparent;
}
.card h3, .card h4 { margin-block-end: var(--sp-2); }
.card p { color: var(--text-soft); font-size: var(--fs-base); line-height: 1.62; }
.card__foot { margin-block-start: auto; padding-block-start: var(--sp-5); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-3); justify-content: space-between; }
.card__meta { font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-faint); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------- page byline */
.page-byline {
  font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-faint);
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-4);
  padding-block: var(--sp-3); margin-block-end: var(--sp-6);
  border-block: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}
.page-byline strong { color: var(--text-soft); font-weight: 600; }
.page-byline__cite { flex-basis: 100%; }
.page-byline__cite summary { cursor: pointer; color: var(--teal-700); font-weight: 600; }
.page-byline__cite-text {
  margin-block-start: var(--sp-2); font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-soft);
  background: var(--bg-alt); border-radius: 6px; padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-4);
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: var(--sp-3);
}

/* country card */
.country-card { position: relative; overflow: hidden; padding-block-start: calc(var(--sp-5) + 4px); }
.country-card::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset-block-start: 0; inset-inline: 0; block-size: 4px;
  background: var(--teal-500);
  transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: inline-start;
  transition: transform .5s var(--ease-out);
}
.country-card:hover::after { transform: scaleX(1); }
.country-card[data-accent="red"]::after  { background: var(--red-500); }
.country-card[data-accent="sand"]::after { background: var(--sand-600); }
.country-card[data-accent="navy"]::after { background: var(--navy-600); }
.country-card__head { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: var(--sp-3); flex-wrap: wrap; }
.country-card__ar { font-size: 1.15rem; color: var(--text-faint); }
.country-card__stats {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: var(--sp-4);
  margin-block-start: var(--sp-5); padding-block-start: var(--sp-4);
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}
.mini-stat b {
  display: block; font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.45rem;
  color: var(--navy-700); line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -.025em;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.mini-stat span { font-size: var(--fs-xs); color: var(--text-faint); display: block; margin-block-start: 2px; }

.report-card__title { font-size: var(--fs-lg); }
.report-card .badge-row { margin-block-end: var(--sp-3); }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ feature box */
.feature {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--sp-7); align-items: center;
  background: var(--surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: var(--sp-7); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
@media (max-width: 860px) { .feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding: var(--sp-5); } }

/* --------------------------------------------------------------- charts */
.chart-card {
  background: var(--surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs), inset 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.chart-card__head { padding: var(--sp-5) var(--sp-5) var(--sp-2); }
.chart-card__title { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: var(--fs-lg); color: var(--navy-800); margin: 0 0 var(--sp-1); letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.chart-card__subtitle { font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-faint); margin: 0; }
.chart-card__body { padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3) var(--sp-2); }
.chart-card__note {
  margin: 0 var(--sp-5) var(--sp-5);
  padding: var(--sp-4);
  background: var(--sand-100);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-soft); line-height: 1.6;
}
.chart-card__note strong { color: var(--sand-700); }

.chart-meta {
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  background: var(--cream);
  padding: var(--sp-5);
  display: grid; gap: var(--sp-4) var(--sp-5);
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 12rem), 1fr));
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  margin: 0;
}
.chart-meta dt { color: var(--text-faint); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .09em; font-weight: 700; margin-block-end: 3px; font-size: .68rem; }
.chart-meta dd { margin: 0; color: var(--text-soft); line-height: 1.55; }
.chart-actions { grid-column: 1 / -1; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-2); padding-block-start: var(--sp-3); border-block-start: 1px solid var(--hairline); }

.chart-legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-4); padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-5) var(--sp-3); font-size: var(--fs-sm); }
.chart-legend button {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em;
  background: none; border: 0; padding: .2em .3em; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  color: var(--text-soft); transition: opacity var(--dur) var(--ease), color var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.chart-legend button:hover { color: var(--navy-800); }
.chart-legend button[aria-pressed="false"] { opacity: .32; }
.legend-swatch { inline-size: .7rem; block-size: .7rem; border-radius: 3px; flex: none; }

.chart-svg { inline-size: 100%; block-size: auto; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--font-sans); }
.chart-svg .grid-line { stroke: var(--cream-3); stroke-width: 1; }
.chart-svg .axis-line { stroke: var(--hairline-2); stroke-width: 1; }
.chart-svg .tick-label { font-size: 11px; fill: var(--text-faint); }
.chart-svg .axis-title { font-size: 10px; fill: var(--text-faint); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.chart-svg .series-line { fill: none; stroke-width: 2.5; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-linecap: round; }
.chart-svg .series-dot { stroke: #fff; stroke-width: 2; }
.chart-svg .zero-line { stroke: var(--text-faint); stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 3 4; opacity: .6; }
.chart-svg .hover-band { fill: transparent; transition: fill .15s linear; }
.chart-svg .hover-band:hover { fill: rgba(18,138,141,.06); }
.chart-svg rect[data-series] { transition: opacity .2s var(--ease); }

.chart-tooltip {
  position: absolute; z-index: 20; pointer-events: none;
  background: var(--navy-800); color: #fff; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-4); font-size: var(--fs-sm); line-height: 1.5;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow); max-inline-size: 16rem; opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity .14s linear;
}
.chart-tooltip[data-show="true"] { opacity: 1; }
.chart-tooltip b { display: block; color: var(--sand-500); font-size: var(--fs-xs); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.chart-tooltip ul { list-style: none; margin: var(--sp-2) 0 0; padding: 0; }
.chart-tooltip li { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em; }
.chart-wrap { position: relative; }

.chart-table { inline-size: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: var(--fs-sm); }
.chart-table caption { text-align: start; padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-5); color: var(--text-faint); font-size: var(--fs-xs); }
.chart-table th, .chart-table td { padding: .4rem var(--sp-3); border-block-end: 1px solid var(--hairline); text-align: end; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.chart-table th:first-child, .chart-table td:first-child { text-align: start; }
.chart-table thead th { position: sticky; inset-block-start: 0; background: var(--cream); }
details.data-table { border-block-start: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
details.data-table > summary {
  padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-5); cursor: pointer; font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--text-soft); background: var(--cream);
  transition: background var(--dur) var(--ease);
  list-style: none;
}
details.data-table > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
details.data-table > summary::before {
  content: "＋"; margin-inline-end: .5em; color: var(--teal-600); font-weight: 700;
  display: inline-block; transition: transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out);
}
details.data-table[open] > summary::before { content: "－"; }
details.data-table > summary:hover { background: var(--cream-2); }
details.data-table .scroll { max-block-size: 20rem; overflow: auto; animation: slide-down .28s var(--ease-out) both; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ map */
.mena-map { inline-size: 100%; block-size: auto; }
.mena-map .tile {
  fill: var(--navy-600); stroke: var(--bg); stroke-width: 3;
  transition: fill var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.mena-map .tile-group { cursor: pointer; outline: none; transform-box: fill-box; transform-origin: center; transition: transform .35s var(--ease-out); }
.mena-map .tile-group:hover { transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.02); }
.mena-map .tile-group:hover .tile,
.mena-map .tile-group:focus-visible .tile { fill: var(--teal-600); }
.mena-map .tile-group[data-depth="detailed"] .tile { fill: var(--red-600); }
.mena-map .tile-group[data-depth="detailed"]:hover .tile { fill: var(--red-500); }
.mena-map .tile-label { fill: #fff; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; pointer-events: none; }
.mena-map .tile-sub { fill: rgba(255,255,255,.72); font-size: 10px; pointer-events: none; }
.mena-map .tile-group:focus-visible .tile { stroke: var(--teal-500); stroke-width: 3.5; }
.section--alt .mena-map .tile { stroke: var(--bg-alt); }
.map-caption { font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-faint); margin-block-start: var(--sp-4); max-inline-size: 52rem; }
.map-legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-4); font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-soft); margin-block-start: var(--sp-4); }
.map-legend span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em; }
.map-legend i { inline-size: .8rem; block-size: .8rem; border-radius: 3px; display: inline-block; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ directory */
.directory-group { margin-block-end: var(--sp-6); }
.directory-group:last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }
.directory-group__items { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-3); }
.directory-item {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .35em;
  background: var(--navy-600); color: #fff;
  border-radius: 8px; padding: .8em 1.1em; min-inline-size: 9rem;
  text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer;
  transition: background var(--dur) var(--ease), transform .2s var(--ease-out);
}
.directory-item:hover, .directory-item:focus-visible { background: var(--teal-600); transform: translateY(-2px); outline: none; }
.directory-item[data-depth="detailed"] { background: var(--red-600); }
.directory-item[data-depth="detailed"]:hover, .directory-item[data-depth="detailed"]:focus-visible { background: var(--red-500); }
.directory-item__name { font-weight: 600; font-size: var(--fs-sm); }
.directory-item__ar { opacity: .7; font-weight: 400; font-size: .9em; margin-inline-start: .2em; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ region map */
.region-map { position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--sp-4); }
.region-map__svg { inline-size: 100%; block-size: auto; display: block; }
.region-map__neighbor { fill: var(--cream-2); stroke: #fff; stroke-width: .6; }
.region-map__country { cursor: pointer; outline: none; }
.region-map__country path {
  fill: var(--navy-600); stroke: #fff; stroke-width: .6;
  transition: fill var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.region-map__country[data-depth="detailed"] path { fill: var(--red-600); }
.region-map__country:hover path, .region-map__country:focus-visible path { fill: var(--teal-600); }
.region-map__country[data-depth="detailed"]:hover path,
.region-map__country[data-depth="detailed"]:focus-visible path { fill: var(--red-500); }
.region-map__dot { fill: var(--navy-600); stroke: #fff; stroke-width: .6; pointer-events: none; }
.region-map__country[data-depth="detailed"] .region-map__dot { fill: var(--red-600); }
.region-map__inset {
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline); border-radius: 8px; padding: var(--sp-3);
  background: var(--bg-alt); max-inline-size: 18rem;
}
.region-map__inset-label {
  font-size: var(--fs-xs); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-faint); margin: 0 0 var(--sp-2);
}
.directory-item__status { font-size: var(--fs-xs); color: rgba(255,255,255,.72); }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------- filters */
.filters {
  background: var(--surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs), inset 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline);
  padding: var(--sp-5);
  display: grid; gap: var(--sp-5);
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 13rem), 1fr));
  align-items: end;
}
.field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--sp-2); min-inline-size: 0; }
.field > label, .field > .field-label {
  font-size: var(--fs-xs); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .09em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--text-faint);
}
.field select, .field input[type="text"], .field input[type="search"] {
  inline-size: 100%; padding: .6rem .85rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline-2); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: var(--surface); font-size: var(--fs-base);
  transition: border-color var(--dur) var(--ease), box-shadow var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.field select:focus, .field input:focus {
  outline: 0; border-color: var(--teal-500);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(23,165,168,.16);
}
.field input[type="range"] { inline-size: 100%; accent-color: var(--teal-600); }
.range-value { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; font-weight: 700; color: var(--teal-700); }

.chip-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-2); }
.chip {
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline-2); background: var(--surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill); padding: .35rem .9rem; font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--text-soft);
  transition: background var(--dur) var(--ease), color var(--dur) var(--ease),
              border-color var(--dur) var(--ease), transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out);
}
.chip:hover { border-color: var(--teal-500); color: var(--teal-700); transform: translateY(-1px); }
.chip[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--navy-800); border-color: var(--navy-800); color: #fff; }

.results-bar {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-3); align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between; margin-block: var(--sp-6) var(--sp-5);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-faint);
}
.empty-state {
  padding: var(--sp-8); text-align: center; color: var(--text-faint);
  border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- timeline */
.timeline { position: relative; margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.timeline::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset-block: .7rem 0;
  inset-inline-start: 5.5rem; inline-size: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--teal-200), var(--cream-3));
}
.timeline__item { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 5.5rem 1fr; gap: var(--sp-5); padding-block-end: var(--sp-7); }
.timeline__year {
  font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--teal-700); text-align: end; padding-inline-end: var(--sp-4);
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
}
.timeline__body { position: relative; padding-inline-start: var(--sp-6); }
.timeline__body::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset-block-start: .5rem; inset-inline-start: -6px;
  inline-size: 13px; block-size: 13px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--surface); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--teal-600), 0 0 0 7px rgba(18,138,141,.14);
}
.timeline__item[data-pending="true"] .timeline__body::before {
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--sand-600), 0 0 0 7px rgba(194,149,82,.16);
}
.timeline__body h4 { margin-block-end: var(--sp-2); font-size: var(--fs-base); font-family: var(--font-sans); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0; }
.timeline__body p { font-size: var(--fs-base); color: var(--text-soft); line-height: 1.62; }
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .timeline::before { inset-inline-start: 6px; }
  .timeline__item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--sp-2); }
  .timeline__year { text-align: start; padding-inline: var(--sp-6) 0; }
  .timeline__body { padding-inline-start: var(--sp-6); }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------- article body */
.article { max-inline-size: 42rem; }
.article h2 { margin-block-start: var(--sp-8); font-size: var(--fs-xl); }
.article h3 { margin-block-start: var(--sp-7); font-size: var(--fs-lg); }
.article > *:first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }
.article ul, .article ol { padding-inline-start: 1.35em; color: var(--text-soft); }
.article li { margin-block-end: var(--sp-3); }
.article li::marker { color: var(--teal-600); }
.article blockquote {
  margin: var(--sp-6) 0; padding: var(--sp-5) var(--sp-6);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--teal-600), var(--shadow-xs);
  font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: var(--fs-lg); line-height: 1.45; color: var(--navy-800);
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
}
.article blockquote cite { display: block; font-family: var(--font-sans); font-size: var(--fs-sm); font-style: normal; color: var(--text-faint); margin-block-start: var(--sp-3); letter-spacing: 0; }

.page-head {
  background:
    radial-gradient(80% 130% at 92% -20%, rgba(23,165,168,.34) 0%, transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(160deg, var(--navy-900), var(--navy-700));
  color: var(--text-inverse); position: relative; overflow: hidden;
}
.page-head .wrap { padding-block: var(--sp-8) var(--sp-8); }
.page-head h1 { color: #fff; max-inline-size: 22ch; }
.page-head p { color: var(--text-inverse-soft); max-inline-size: 58ch; font-size: var(--fs-lg); }
.breadcrumb { font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--text-inverse-soft); margin-block-end: var(--sp-5); }
.breadcrumb a { color: var(--sand-500); text-decoration: none; }
.breadcrumb a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.layout-side { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 16rem; gap: var(--sp-8); align-items: start; }
@media (max-width: 960px) { .layout-side { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--sp-6); } }
.sidebar { position: sticky; inset-block-start: calc(var(--header-h) + 1.5rem); font-size: var(--fs-base); }
.sidebar h4 { font-family: var(--font-sans); font-size: var(--fs-xs); letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--text-faint); margin-block-end: var(--sp-3); }
.sidebar ol, .sidebar ul { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 var(--sp-7); padding: 0; }
.sidebar li { margin-block-end: 1px; }
.sidebar a {
  text-decoration: none; color: var(--text-soft); font-size: var(--fs-base);
  display: block; padding: .3rem var(--sp-3);
  box-shadow: inset 2px 0 0 var(--cream-3);
  transition: color var(--dur) var(--ease), box-shadow var(--dur) var(--ease), padding-inline-start var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.sidebar a:hover, .sidebar a[aria-current="true"] {
  color: var(--navy-800); box-shadow: inset 2px 0 0 var(--teal-600);
  padding-inline-start: calc(var(--sp-3) + 4px);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------- tables */
.table-plain { inline-size: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: var(--fs-base); }
.table-plain th, .table-plain td { text-align: start; padding: var(--sp-4) var(--sp-3); border-block-end: 1px solid var(--hairline); vertical-align: top; }
.table-plain thead th { font-size: var(--fs-xs); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .09em; color: var(--text-faint); }
.table-plain tbody tr { transition: background .16s var(--ease); }
.table-plain tbody tr:hover { background: var(--surface); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- footer */
.site-footer { background: var(--navy-900); color: var(--text-inverse-soft); padding-block: var(--sp-8) var(--sp-6); font-size: var(--fs-base); }
.site-footer h4 { color: #fff; font-family: var(--font-sans); font-size: var(--fs-xs); letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; margin-block-end: var(--sp-4); }
.site-footer a { color: var(--text-inverse-soft); text-decoration: none; transition: color var(--dur) var(--ease); }
.site-footer a:hover { color: #fff; }
.site-footer ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.site-footer li { margin-block-end: var(--sp-2); }
.footer-grid { display: grid; gap: var(--sp-7); grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.5fr) repeat(auto-fit, minmax(9rem, 1fr)); }
.footer-mission { max-inline-size: 32rem; }
.footer-bottom {
  margin-block-start: var(--sp-8); padding-block-start: var(--sp-5);
  border-block-start: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--sp-4); justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
}
.footer-note { max-inline-size: 44rem; color: rgba(246,243,236,.5); }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- callouts */
.callout {
  background: var(--surface); border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--teal-600), var(--shadow-xs), inset 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline);
  padding: var(--sp-5) var(--sp-5) var(--sp-5) var(--sp-6);
}
.callout--alert { box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--red-500), var(--shadow-xs), inset 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline); }
.callout--sand  { box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--sand-600), var(--shadow-xs), inset 0 0 0 1px var(--hairline); }
.callout h4 { margin-block-end: var(--sp-2); font-family: var(--font-sans); font-size: var(--fs-base); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0; }
.callout p { font-size: var(--fs-base); color: var(--text-soft); line-height: 1.62; }
[dir="rtl"] .callout { padding: var(--sp-5) var(--sp-6) var(--sp-5) var(--sp-5); }

/* ====================================================== DRAFT MODE ======= */
/* Styling for content that is NOT real. Loud on purpose. All of it disappears
   the moment assets/js/data/draft-content.js is removed.                     */
.draft-banner {
  position: sticky; inset-block-start: 0; z-index: 400;
  background: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg, #A8322A, #A8322A 14px, #8E2A23 14px, #8E2A23 28px);
  color: #fff; text-align: center;
  padding: .6rem var(--sp-5);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.4;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(168,50,42,.4);
}
.draft-banner strong { letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.draft-banner code {
  background: rgba(0,0,0,.28); padding: .1em .45em; border-radius: 4px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .95em;
}
body:has(.draft-banner) .site-header { inset-block-start: 2.6rem; }

.draft-flag {
  display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: .6em;
  font-size: var(--fs-xs); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: .55rem .8rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0 0;
  margin-block-end: 0;
}
.draft-flag span { text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0; font-weight: 500; opacity: .92; }
.draft-flag--fiction { background: var(--red-600); color: #fff; }
.draft-flag--draft   { background: var(--sand-600); color: #2E2008; }

.draft-block {
  border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm);
  padding: var(--sp-5);
  margin-block-end: var(--sp-5);
}
.draft-block--fiction {
  background: var(--red-100);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px var(--red-600);
}
.draft-block--draft {
  background: var(--sand-100);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px var(--sand-600);
}
.draft-block blockquote {
  margin: 0 0 var(--sp-4); padding: 0 0 0 var(--sp-4);
  background: none; box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,.18);
  font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: var(--fs-lg); line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--navy-800);
}
.draft-block blockquote:last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }
.draft-block cite { display: block; font-family: var(--font-sans); font-size: var(--fs-sm); font-style: normal; color: var(--text-faint); margin-block-start: var(--sp-2); }
.draft-wrap { margin-block-end: var(--sp-5); }

@media print { .draft-banner, .draft-flag { -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact; } }

/* =========================================================== animation === */
@keyframes fade-in { from { opacity: 0 } to { opacity: 1 } }
@keyframes pop-in {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-10px) scale(.98) }
  to   { opacity: 1; transform: none }
}
@keyframes slide-down {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-6px) }
  to   { opacity: 1; transform: none }
}

/* page entrance */
body { animation: fade-in .45s var(--ease) both; }

/* Scroll reveal (driven by motion.js).
   Content is VISIBLE by default and only hidden once JavaScript has confirmed
   it is running, by putting `js` on <html>. Without this guard a single script
   error leaves the whole page at opacity 0 — technically present, completely
   unreadable. Never make content depend on JS to become visible. */
.js .reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(22px);
  transition: opacity .75s var(--ease-out), transform .75s var(--ease-out);
  transition-delay: var(--reveal-delay, 0ms);
}
.js .reveal.is-visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

/* chart line draw-in — the dash length is measured per path in motion.js */
.chart-svg .series-dot.is-hidden { opacity: 0; transform: scale(.4); }
.chart-svg .series-dot {
  transform-box: fill-box; transform-origin: center;
  transition: opacity .4s var(--ease), transform .5s var(--ease-out);
}
.chart-svg rect[data-series].is-growing { transform: scaleY(0); }
.chart-svg rect[data-series] {
  transform-box: fill-box;
  transition: transform .7s var(--ease-out);
}
.chart-svg rect[data-series][data-dir="up"]   { transform-origin: bottom; }
.chart-svg rect[data-series][data-dir="down"] { transform-origin: top; }

/* map tile cascade */
.mena-map .tile-group.is-entering { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px) scale(.94); }
.mena-map .tile-group { transition: transform .45s var(--ease-out), opacity .45s var(--ease-out); }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: .001ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: .001ms !important;
    transition-delay: 0ms !important;
  }
  .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  .btn:hover, a.card:hover, .card--link:hover, .chip:hover, .icon-btn:hover { transform: none; }
  .mena-map .tile-group:hover { transform: none; }
  .scroll-progress { display: none; }
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .timeline__year { text-align: start; }
[dir="rtl"] .chart-table th, [dir="rtl"] .chart-table td { text-align: start; }
[dir="rtl"] .site-nav__link::after { transform-origin: inline-start; }

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- print */
@media print {
  .site-header, .site-footer, .search-overlay, .btn-row, .chart-actions, .scroll-progress { display: none !important; }
  body { background: #fff; font-size: 11pt; animation: none; }
  .reveal { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; }
  .card, .chart-card { break-inside: avoid; box-shadow: none; border: 1px solid #ddd; }
}